Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Read Online
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FROM THE PAGES OF NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS, AN AMERICAN SLAVE
Title Folio
Copyright Page
FREDERICK DOUGLASS
THE Globe OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS AND NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF FREDERICK ...
Introduction
PREFACE
LETTER FROM WENDELL PHILLIPS, ESQ.
CHAPTER I
Affiliate II
CHAPTER III
Chapter Iv
CHAPTER Five
CHAPTER VI
Chapter 7
CHAPTER VIII
Chapter IX
CHAPTER X
CHAPTER 11
APPENDIX
INSPIRED Past NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS, AN AMERICAN SLAVE
COMMENTS & QUESTIONS
FOR FURTHER READING
FROM THE PAGES OF NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS, AN AMERICAN SLAVE
I am going away to the Bang-up House Farm! O, yea! O, yea! O!
(page 25)
I have sometimes thought that the mere hearing of those songs [of the slaves] would do more to impress some minds with the horrible character of slavery, than the reading of whole volumes of philosophy on the field of study could exercise.... To those songs I trace my first glimmering conception of the dehumanizing character of slavery. I can never become rid of that formulation. Those songs withal follow me, to deepen my hatred of slavery, and quicken my sympathies for my brethren in bonds. (page 26)
From my earliest recollection, I engagement the entertainment of a deep conviction that slavery would not always exist able to hold me within its foul embrace; and in the darkest hours of my career in slavery, this living word of organized religion and spirit of hope departed not from me, but remained like ministering angels to cheer me through the gloom.
(folio 39)
In that location were horses and men, cattle and women, pigs and children, all holding the aforementioned rank in the scale of being, and were all subjected to the same narrow exam. Silvery-headed age and sprightly youth, maids and matrons, had to undergo the same indelicate inspection. At this moment, I saw more conspicuously than ever the brutalizing effects of slavery upon both slave and slaveholder.
(page 49)
I was broken in body, soul, and spirit. My natural elasticity was crushed, my intellect languished, the disposition to read departed, the cheerful spark that lingered most my center died; the nighttime night of slavery airtight in upon me; and behold a man transformed into a brute! (page 63)
You have seen how a man was made a slave; yous shall run into how a slave was made a man. (folio 64)
My long-crushed spirit rose, cowardice departed, bold defiance took its identify; and I now resolved that, however long I might remain a slave in form, the day had passed forever when I could exist a slave in fact. I did not hesitate to permit it be known of me, that the white man who expected to succeed in whipping, must also succeed in killing me. (folio 69)
I affirm most unhesitatingly, that the religion of the south is a mere covering for the well-nigh horrid crimes,—a justifier of the most appalling barbarity,—a sanctifier of the well-nigh hateful frauds,—and a dark shelter under, which the darkest, foulest, grossest, and most infernal deeds of slaveholders discover the strongest protection. Were I to exist once again reduced to the chains of slavery, next to that enslavement, I should regard being the slave of a religious master the greatest calamity that could befall me. For of all slaveholders with whom I take ever met, religious slaveholders are the worst. (folio 72)
Let us render the tyrant no help; let usa non agree the light by which he can trace the footprints of our flying brother. (page 89)
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Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave was first
published in 1845 past the Anti-Slavery Office.
Published in 2003 by Barnes & Noble Classics with new Introduction,
Notes, Biography, Chronology, Comments & Questions,
and For Farther Reading.
Introduction, Notes, and For Farther Reading
Copyright @ 2003 by Robert O'Meally.
Notation on Frederick Douglass, The World of Frederick Douglass and Narrative of the
Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Inspired past Narrative of the Life of
Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, and Comments & Questions
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Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave
ISBN-13: 978-ane-59308-041-9 ISBN-ten: i-59308-041-7
eISBN : 978-1-411-43276-five
LC Command Number 2003108031
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nine 10 8
FREDERICK DOUGLASS
Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey was built-in a slave in Tuckahoe, Maryland, in February 1818. He became a leading abolitionist and women's rights advocate and one of the nearly influential public speakers and writers of the nineteenth century.
Frederick's mother, Harriet Bailey, was a slave; his father was rumored to be Aaron Anthony, manager for the big Lloyd plantation in St. Michaels, Maryland, and his mother'south master. Frederick lived away from the plantation with his grandparents, Isaac and Betsey Bailey, until he was six years onetime, when he was sent to work for Anthony.
When Frederick was viii, he was sent to Baltimore as a houseboy for Hugh Auld, a shipbuilder related to the Anthony family through union. Auld's married woman, Sophia, began teaching Frederick to read, simply Auld, who believed that a literate slave was a dangerous slave, stopped the lessons. From that point on, Frederick viewed didactics and knowledge as a path to freedom. He continued teaching himself to read; in 1831 he bought a re-create of The Columbian Orator, an anthology of neat speeches, which he studied closely.
In 1833 Frederick was sent from Auld'south relatively peaceful domicile back to St. Michaels to work in the fields. He was soon hired out to Edward Covey, a notorious "slave-breaker" who beat him brutally in an effort to crush his will. Yet, on an Baronial afternoon in 1834, Frederick stood up to Covey and crush him in a fight. This was a turning betoken, Douglass has said, in his life as a slave; the experience reawakened his desire and drive for freedom.
After a failed escape effort, Frederick was sent back to Baltimore, where he again worked for Hugh Auld, this time as a ship caulker. In Baltimore he met and fell in love with Anna Murray, a costless black adult female.
In 1838 Frederick Bailey escaped from slavery by using the papers of a free seaman. He traveled north to New York Metropolis, where Anna Murray soon joined him. Later that yr, Frederick and Anna married and moved to New Bedford, Massachusetts. Though settled in the North, Frederick was a fugitive, technically still Auld's property. To protect himself, he became Frederick Douglass, a name inspired by a character in Sir Walter Scott'southward poem Lady of the Lake.
Douglass began speaking against slavery at abol
itionist meetings and soon gained a reputation equally a bright orator. In 1841 he began working total-time as an abolitionist lecturer, touring with one of the leading activists of the mean solar day, William Lloyd Garrison.
Douglass published his offset autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, in 1845. The volume became an immediate sensation and was widely read both in America and abroad. Its publication, however, jeopardized his freedom by exposing his true identity. To avoid capture as a fugitive slave, Douglass spent the next several years touring and speaking in England and Ireland. In 1846 two friends purchased his freedom. Douglass returned to America, an internationally renowned abolitionist and orator.
Douglass addressed the kickoff Women'south Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848. This began his long clan with the women's rights motility, including friendships with such well-known suffragists as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
During the mid-1840s Douglass began to break ideologically from William Lloyd Garrison. Whereas Garrison'south abolitionist sentiments were based in moral exhortation, Douglass was coming to believe that modify would occur through political means. He became increasingly involved in antislavery politics with the Freedom and Free-Soil Parties. In 1847 Douglass established and edited the politically oriented, antislavery newspaper the Northward Star.
During the Civil War, President Lincoln chosen upon Douglass to propose him on emancipation issues. In addition, Douglass worked hard to secure the right of blacks to enlist; when the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts Volunteers was established as the commencement black regiment, he traveled throughout the N recruiting volunteers.
Douglass's governmental involvement extended far beyond Lincoln's tenure. He was consulted by the next 5 presidents and served as secretary of the Santo Domingo Commission (1871), marshal of the District of Columbia (1877—1881), recorder of deeds for the Commune of Columbia (1881-1886), and minister to Haiti (1889-1891). A year before his decease Douglass delivered an important speech, "The Lessons of the Hr," a denunciation of lynchings in the United States.
On February twenty, 1895, Frederick Douglass died of a center attack. His death triggered an outpouring of grief and mourning; black schools in Washington, D.C., airtight for a 24-hour interval, and thousands of children were taken to the Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal Church to view his open catafalque. In his 3rd autobiography, Douglass succinctly and aptly summarized his life; writing that he had "lived several lives in one: first, the life of slavery; secondly, the life of a fugitive from slavery; thirdly, the life of comparative freedom; fourthly, the life of conflict and battle; and fifthly, the life of victory, if not complete, at least assured."
THE Globe OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS AND NARRATIVE OF THE LIFE OF FREDERICK DOUGLASS, AN AMERICAN SLAVE
1818 In February Frederick Douglass is built-in Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey in Tuckahoe, Maryland. His mother, Harriet Bailey, is a slave; his father'southward identity is unknown, though many believe he was Douglass's white master, Aaron Anthony. Frederick is sent to be raised by his grandparents, Betsey and Isaac Bailey.
1824 Vi-year-sometime Frederick is sent to St. Michaels, Maryland, to work on the Lloyd plantation, managed past Aaron Anthony.
1826 Frederick'southward mother dies. He is sent to Baltimore to work for Hugh Auld, a shipbuilder and the brother of Thomas Auld, Anthony's son-in-law Frederick's chore is to look after Auld's son, Tommy, and to work as a houseboy for Auld's wife, Sophia.
1827 Sophia Auld begins to teach Frederick to read, but her husband stops the lessons. Frederick continues learning on his ain.
1831 Having saved 50 cents, he purchases a copy of The Columbian Orator, an anthology of great speeches from leading orators throughout history, on such issues as freedom, equality, and justice.
1833 In March Frederick is sent back to St. Michaels to work for Thomas Auld.
1834 In January he is hired out as a field mitt to Edward Covey, a professional "slave-breaker" who beats intransigent slaves into submission. Afterward nearly 8 months, Frederick stands up to Covey and beats him in a fight.
1835 Frederick is hired out to William Freeland as a field hand. He opens a Sun school for young blacks and begins teaching them to read and write.
1836 Frederick and several other of Covey'due south slaves attempt to escape, but are defenseless and imprisoned. Thomas Auld takes him out of prison and sends him dorsum to Baltimore, where Hugh Auld trains him to become a ship caulker.
1837 He meets and falls in love with Anna Murray, a free blackness adult female.
1838 On September 3 Frederick successfully escapes from slavery using a sailor'south "protection papers" (documents certifying the bearer is a free seaman). He arrives in New York City on September 4 and, to avoid recapture, changes his proper name to Frederick Johnson. Anna Murray joins him in New York and they ally on September xv. They move to New Bedford, Massachusetts. Frederick again changes his proper name, this time to Frederick Douglass, after a character in Lady of the Lake (1810), a historical verse form by Sir Walter Scott.
1839 In New Bedford Douglass works equally a day laborer and begins speaking at abolitionist meetings. His showtime child, Rosetta, is born on June 24.
1840 The Douglass's son Lewis is born.
1841 In August Douglass travels to Nantucket to attend a coming together of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society; he meets the abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison, president of the American Anti-Slavery Lodge and editor of the well-known abolitionist newspaper The Liberator. Impressed by Douglass'southward eloquent and powerful speech, Garrison employs him every bit an antislavery speaker.
1842 A second son, Frederick, is born. Douglass begins traveling in New England, New York, and elsewhere around the N equally an abolitionist speaker. He tells his personal story and attacks both slavery and northern racism. He and his family motion to Lynn, Massachusetts, where Anna finds work in a shoe manufactory.
1844 Another son, Charles Remond, is built-in.
1845 In May Douglass publishes Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. The book is well received and widely publicized. Nonetheless, its publication exposes his identity, and fearing capture as a fugitive slave, he leaves the state. He begins traveling through England and Republic of ireland, speaking against slavery.
1846 On Dec 5, 1846, friends purchase Douglass's liberty from Thomas Auld.
1847 Douglass returns to the United States in the spring; he and his family move to Rochester, New York. On December 3 he founds an antislavery newspaper, the North Star, which he continues to edit until 1860 (the paper'south name becomes Frederick Douglass's Paper in 1851).
1848 Douglass attends and speaks at the first Women'southward Rights Convention in Seneca Falls, New York, beginning his long association with the women's rights movement.
1849 His daughter, Annie, is born.
1850 Douglass becomes part of the Underground Railroad network, using his home as a hiding place for avoiding slaves traveling northward.
1851 Douglass definitively breaks with Garrison, disagreeing over the issue of moral exhortation (which Garrison favored) versus political action (Douglass'southward preference) as the major tool for eliminating slavery.
1852 On July 4 Douglass delivers an impassioned speech communication about the meaning of freedom and slavery in a republic and almost continuing hypocrisy and injustice.
1855 His second autobiography, My Chains and My Freedom, is published.
1859 Abolitionist John Brown tries to enlist Douglass'southward support in a raid to liberate slaves at Harpers Ferry, Virginia (now West Virginia); Douglass refuses, believing it to be a doomed endeavor. On October 16 Brown goes through with his raid and is caught; he is later tried and hanged for treason. Considering of his association with Brown, Douglass flees to England.
1860 Douglass's daughter, Annie, dies and he returns to Rochester. He campaigns for Abraham Lincoln, who is elected president in Nov.
1861 The Civil State of war begins. Douglass is a vocal proponent of the correct of blacks to enlist and an aggressive propagandist for the Un
ion crusade.
1863 On January i President Abraham Lincoln issues the Emancipation Proclamation, freeing all slaves in Confederate areas not held by Union troops. The first black regiment, the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts Volunteers, is assembled. Two of Douglass's sons, Lewis and Charles, are among the recruits. Douglass travels throughout the North and recruits more than 100 members for the regiment; but he stops recruiting after a few months considering of rampant discrimination against the blackness soldiers.
1864 Douglass is chosen to the White House to talk over strategies for emancipation.
1865 He attends the White Firm reception following Lincoln's second inauguration. The Civil War ends on April 9, and on April 14 Lincoln is assassinated. In December Congress ratifies the Thirteenth Amendment to the U.Southward. Constitution, abolishing slavery.
1866 Douglass supports Republican Reconstruction plans. He is part of a delegation that meets with President Andrew Johnson (who harbors Confederate sympathies) to push for black suffrage.
1868- Douglass campaigns for Ulysses Due south. Grant, who wins the 1870 presidency in 1868. On March 30, 1870, Congress passes the Fifteenth Amendment, which gives blacks the correct to vote. Douglass's support for this measure, which does not include women, causes a temporary rift with women'southward rights supporters.
1871 Grant appoints Douglass secretary of a commission to Santo Domingo.
1872 The Douglass'south Rochester habitation is destroyed by burn down; no 1 is injured, only many of Douglass's important papers are lost. The family unit moves to Washington, D.C.
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